Video: Space to Ground – ISS weekly report – Sept.19.14

This week’s Space to Ground video report on activities aboard the Int. Space Station focuses on preparations for the upcoming arrival of a SpaceX Dragon spacecraft with two and a half tons of cargo. The Dragon is currently set to launch on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket on Saturday morning at 2:16 am EDT.

Comet flyby of Mars unlikely to damage orbiters

Looks like the pass of the comet Siding Spring by Mars on October 19th will not in fact bring along a dust cloud of fast moving particles thick enough to damage the spacecraft orbiting the planet:

By the middle of this summer, published estimates (based on new images and additional modelling) were indicating a flux of around 10-6 particles per m2, which, for Mars Express, very roughly equates to a 1-in-300,000 chance of being hit. It’s starting to look like our comet C/2013 A1/Siding Spring will manifest itself as a more friendly passer-by than initially thought and that it won’t be hurling clouds of large particles at unthinkable speeds towards Mars and its man-made satellites.

More at

An image of the comet Siding Spring

Comet C/2013 A1 Siding Spring seen on 6 September 2014 from Argentina. Image credit: César Nicolás Fornari https://www.facebook.com/cesar.fornari

Comet C/2013 A1 Siding Spring seen on 6 September 2014 from Argentina.
Image credit: César Nicolás Fornari https://www.facebook.com/cesar.fornari

A diagram illustrating the relative closeness of the pass of comet Siding Spring to Mars vs going by the Earth:

Closest approach: If Mars were Earth. Credit: NASA/JPL

Closest approach: If Mars were Earth. Credit: NASA/JPL

Part 2: Photometry tutorial for amateur and pro astronomers

Rick Boozer posts the second installment of his tutorial on photometry with the AIP4WIN software package:

From Part 1:

The science of photometry can be used by both amateur astronomers and professionals for some very advanced scientific work.  You can detect the light changes caused by eclipsing binary stars, plot the changes in luminosity of a variable star and even detect an exoplanet orbiting another star.  This tutorial will be your step-by-step guide on how to employ the powerful Magnitude Measurement Tool that comes with the renowned astronomical imaging software known as AIP4WIN by Richard Berry and Robert Burnell.  Special thanks to Mr. Berry for giving me permission to include screen images and extensive operating details from AIP4WIN.

Researchers report on ‘cell-like’ structures in an ancient Mars meteorite

The announcement in 1996 that a multi-billion year old meteorite from Mars showed signs of ancient microbial life attracted tremendous public attention but the results were subsequently discounted, though never completed refuted, by the studies of  other groups. For a summary of the Allan Hills 84001 meteorite controversy, see Life on Mars? – Smithsonian – May.2005.

1280px-ALH84001_structures[1]An electron microscope image from the Allan Hills 84001 meteorite

Back in February of this year there came a study by a team of scientists from NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Texas and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California that reported signs of “biological processes” in a Mars meteorite that would have occurred hundreds of millions of years ago : Mars Meteorite Structures: Optimism for Alien Life? – Discovery News.

This week comes a study of a 1.3 billion year old meteorite with electron microscopes that sees cell-like structures that resemble fossilised biological cells seen in old earth rocks : Martian meteorite yields more evidence of the possibility of life on Mars – The University of Manchester.

OvidInMarsRock_figure6
Chemical maps of the ovoid structure obtained with an electron microprobe. 
 Chatzitheodoridis Elias, Haigh Sarah, and Lyon Ian.
Astrobiology. August 2014, 14(8): 651-693. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1069.

More such results probably won’t change the dominant view that inorganic processes can’t be ruled out as the creators of these tiny structures. It will take studies on Mars, or more appropriately, below the surface of Mars,  to prove whether or not there is life on the Red Planet now or that it existed sometime in the distant past.

 

Video: Alexander Gerst on ISS shows off research projects

A video from the European Space Agency (ESA):

ESA astronaut Alexander Gerst gives an overview of some of the science he has performed during his Blue Dot mission on the International Space Station so far. From robotic surgery to vaccines and accurate thermometers, research in space is bringing benefits for humans on Earth.

Watch as Alexander takes you through some of the highlights of his mission.

Read more about his Blue Dot mission here http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Hum…

Follow Alexander here: http://alexandergerst.esa.int/