The International Space Station is getting a big boost in communications bandwidth, which will greatly benefit the rapidly growing scientific work going on there: ISS gets communications overhaul to boost scientific output – NASASpaceFlight.com.

NanoRacks, for example, is providing plug’n’play racks to provide low cost experiment power and communications systems for a wide range of scientific investigations from biology to physics. Such experiments can benefit from real or near-real time imaging, measurement data and control access.

There are earth observation systems going to the station such as ISS-RapidScat, which will monitor “monitored ocean winds to provide essential measurements used in weather predictions, including hurricane monitoring”.

As mentioned in comments here,  NASA just approved funding for the Neutron star Interior Composition ExploreR (NICER), which will go to the ISS in 2017 to study neutron stars with a X-ray timing and spectroscopy instrument.

Such systems need lots of bandwidth to be productive and it appears the station is moving to keep up with bandwidth demands.