A couple of space history items:
* Space historian Roger Launius writes about early US space nuclear power projects, in particular those using RTGs, or radioisotope thermoelectric generators: The Transit Program and the Origins of Nuclear Power Systems for Spaceflight- Roger Launius’s Blog.
* Anthony Young discussed his book, The Saturn V F-1 Engine: Powering Apollo into History, on a recent Space Show interview: Anthony Young, Sunday, 3-23-14 -Thespaceshow’s Blog
A press release from ESA/Hubble:
New artwork unveiled at the Science with
the Hubble Space Telescope IV conference
Last week researchers from around the world gathered at the Accademia dei Lincei in Rome for the Science with the Hubble Space Telescope IV conference. The event celebrated the history of Hubble’s extraordinary achievements, and looked to the future at what might yet be achieved and how the James Webb Space Telescope will build on our knowledge of the Universe. As part of this celebration artist Tim Otto Roth revealed a new artwork, Heaven’s Carousel, inspired by Hubble’s work on the accelerating expansion of the Universe.
Click to Enlarge
Credit: NASA, ESA, and Pam Jeffries
The “new astronomy-inspired art installation premiered in Rome at the Science with the Hubble Space Telescope IV conference. The installation, named Heaven’s Carousel, links together the fields of art, music and astronomy. Conceptualised and designed by German artist and composer Tim Otto Roth, the work is inspired by novel work on the accelerating expansion of the Universe by Nobel laureate Adam Riess (STScl), Greek cosmology and Renaissance astronomers. “
The artwork takes the form of a rotating carousel, with 36 illuminated spherical loudspeakers mounted on long strings and illustrates some of Hubble’s key findings and the physical processes that underpin Hubble’s work [1].
“Being inside the installation is like being inside a sound Universe,” says artist Tim Otto Roth. “When you look up at the night sky you see it in black and white, but in reality it is full of colours, colours which are too faint to be perceived by the eye’s colour receptors. It is the most dominant of these colours that I have translated into sound as part of the Heaven’s Carousel.”
In representing the Universe in this way Heaven’s Carousel allows the audience to experience phenomena such as the Doppler effect [2]. This phenomenon has been key to many of the discoveries discussed at the conference as it lets us know just how fast the galaxies observed by Hubble are moving away from or towards us. This can be experienced within the sound installation where at the centre of the installation there is no significant effect, but as the visitor moves outwards the frequencies start to oscillate dramatically and weave into a mesmerising sound tapestry.
During the 25-minute sound performance the other phenomena and processes that inspired the piece become evident. For example the progress from the high pitched and bright blue tones that represent the beginning of the Universe to the deep tones of red and low frequency sounds that illustrate what we observe in the distant Universe with Hubble today.
The premiere on Monday 17 March was very well attended and speeches were given by Tim Otto Roth and Adam Reiss, Nobel Prize winner and advisor to the artist, whose work was crucial to showing that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating.
The immersive installation shows another way that Hubble has inspired new thinking over its 24 years in orbit. It provided the perfect accompaniment to the conference, which involved four days of talks from fields as broad as dark energy, the Hubble Frontier Fields, exoplanet research and Solar System research, to name but a few.
“As we celebrate Hubble’s splendid 24 years in orbit” says ESA Hubble Space Telescope project scientist Antonella Nota. “We are left to marvel at the accomplishments humanity can achieve when there is collaboration between communities. On this occasion, we celebrate the partnership between NASA and ESA which led to the creation of Hubble. A partnership which set the foundation for the James Webb Space Telescope and many more ventures to come.”
Hubble has allowed us to peer into the ancient Universe, to find planets outside the Solar System, to map the dark matter that lurks within galaxy clusters and to say that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating. In the words of John Grunsfeld, NASA Associate Administrator and former astronaut, who has visited Hubble on three occasions:
“Hubble has taken us further than we knew possible towards answering the biggest questions humanity has ever thought to ask: Where did we come from? Where are we going? And, are we alone?”
As part of the conference John Grunsfeld gave a talk on his experience of the Hubble service missions. These missions not only kept Hubble alive, but have also given Hubble a new lease of life through the installation of the wide-field camera, WFC3, on this last mission. This new camera is part of the reason that Hubble is still in constant use and a major theme of the conference was where Hubble will take us next. It is clear that, even with the James Webb Space Telescope on the horizon, Hubble still has a great deal left to offer.
The SETI Institute is sponsoring the Kepler Art of Discovery program:
Are you a space artist? An astronomer? Or a student interested in astronomy and our fascinating galaxy? You are cordially invited to create art that illustrates what the hundreds of newly discovered exoplanets (planets outside our solar system) might look like. Or your might create an image that captures other aspects of the Kepler Mission, such as how the spacecraft looks from the Earth as it orbits the Sun and captures the light emitted by these other stars.
Middle school students through adults are invited to submit images of these other Keplerworlds. Art of Discovery aims to bring people’s creative ideas to this question: What do the exoplanets look like that the Kepler Mission has discovered? And what other subjects has the Kepler Mission inspired artistically? For information about the Kepler Mission, see the Kepler website.
All submitted images of artwork will be acknowledged, and The Top 100 will be displayed in the Gallery of the Art of Discovery website. These will be selected by a combination of the number of popular votes AND scores from a distinguished panel of judges.
See Rules at Kepler Art of Discovery for details on submitting your rendition of an exoplanet. Registration period: March 10–May 5, 2014
![kepler-9b[1]](https://i0.wp.com/hobbyspace.com/Blog/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/kepler-9b1.png)
Many of the exoplanets discovered so far are close to their stars and therefore, like our planet Mercury, will have their rotations and orbits locked together by the tidal forces on them. (Mercury rotates three times for every two orbits around the sun. ) In this video, Tony Dobrovolskis of NASA Ames and the SETI Institute discusses how such orbital/rotation synchronization will affect the conditions on the planets and what it could mean for seeing the planets directly:
Exoplanets discovered to date show a wide range of orbital eccentricities; the angles between their spin equators and orbital planes are still quite unknown, but these “obliquities” may range widely as well. Both eccentricity and obliquity can have profound effects on a planet’s seasons, as well as on its cycle of night and day. Remarkable patterns of insolation occur on synchronously-rotating planets, and on those in other spin-orbit states, with implications for their climates, detectability, and habitability.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8_XQ_wSmg2s&feature=share
A selection of space policy/politics related links:
Update:
