{"id":6054,"date":"2014-01-15T17:25:32","date_gmt":"2014-01-15T17:25:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=6054"},"modified":"2014-01-15T17:25:32","modified_gmt":"2014-01-15T17:25:32","slug":"eso-spots-planet-orbiting-star-similar-to-the-sun-in-star-cluster","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=6054","title":{"rendered":"ESO spots planet orbiting star similar to the sun in star cluster"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Here&#8217;s an announcement from \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/\" target=\"_d\">ESO<\/a>\u00a0(European Southern Observatory):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/news\/eso1402\/\" target=\"_d\">First Planet Found Around Solar Twin in Star Cluster<\/a><br \/>\n<\/strong><em>Six-year search with HARPS finds three new planets in Messier 67<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Astronomers have used ESO&#8217;s <a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/sci\/facilities\/lasilla\/instruments\/harps.html\" target=\"_blank\">HARPS planet hunter<\/a> in Chile, along with other telescopes around the world, to discover three planets orbiting stars in the cluster Messier 67. Although more than one thousand planets outside the Solar System are now confirmed, only a handful have been found in star clusters. Remarkably one of these new exoplanets is orbiting a star that is a rare solar twin \u2014 a star that is almost identical to the Sun in all respects.<\/p>\n<p>Planets orbiting stars outside the Solar System are now known to be very common. These exoplanets have been found orbiting stars of widely varied ages and chemical compositions and are scattered across the sky. But, up to now, very few planets have been found inside star clusters\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/news\/eso1402\/#1\">[1]<\/a>. This is particularly odd as it is known that most stars are born in such clusters. Astronomers have wondered if there might be something different about planet formation in star clusters to explain this strange paucity.<\/p>\n<div id=\"flashplayer\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Loading player&#8230;<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/djangoplicity\/shadowbox3\/libraries\/mediaplayer5\/jwplayer.js\"><\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\/\/ <![CDATA[\nvar sdfile = 'http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/videos\/medium_flash\/eso1402a.flv';var imagefile = 'http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/videos\/videoframe\/eso1402a.jpg';var flashsrc = 'http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/djangoplicity\/shadowbox3\/libraries\/mediaplayer5\/player.swf';var sharelink = 'http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/videos\/eso1402a\/';var sharecode = '';var gaid = 'UA-1965004-1';var ipadfile = 'http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/videos\/medium_podcast\/eso1402a.m4v';var mobilefile = 'http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/videos\/medium_podcast\/eso1402a.m4v';var hdfile = 'http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/videos\/hd_and_apple\/eso1402a.m4v';;\n\/\/ ]]><\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/djangoplicity\/js\/videoembed.js\"><\/script><em>Anna Brucalassi (Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany), <\/em><br \/>\n<em>lead author of the new study, and her team wanted to find out more.\u00a0\u201cIn the Messier 67<br \/>\nstar cluster the stars are all about the same age and composition as the Sun. This<br \/>\n makes it a perfect laboratory to study how many planets form in such a crowded<br \/>\nenvironment, and whether they form mostly around more massive or less massive stars.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The team used the HARPS planet-finding instrument on\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/teles-instr\/lasilla\/36.html\">ESO&#8217;s 3.6-metre telescope<\/a>\u00a0at the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/teles-instr\/lasilla\/\">La Silla Observatory<\/a>. These results were supplemented with observations from several other observatories around the world\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/news\/eso1402\/#2\">[2]<\/a>. They carefully monitored 88 selected stars in Messier 67\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/news\/eso1402\/#3\">[3]<\/a>\u00a0over a period of six years to look for the tiny telltale motions of the stars towards and away from Earth that reveal the presence of orbiting planets. <\/p>\n<div id=\"flashplayer\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Loading player&#8230;<\/div>\n<p><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/djangoplicity\/shadowbox3\/libraries\/mediaplayer5\/jwplayer.js\"><\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\/\/ <![CDATA[\nvar sdfile = 'http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/videos\/medium_flash\/eso1402b.flv';var imagefile = 'http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/videos\/videoframe\/eso1402b.jpg';var flashsrc = 'http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/djangoplicity\/shadowbox3\/libraries\/mediaplayer5\/player.swf';var sharelink = 'http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/videos\/eso1402b\/';var sharecode = '';var gaid = 'UA-1965004-1';var ipadfile = 'http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/videos\/medium_podcast\/eso1402b.m4v';var mobilefile = 'http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/videos\/medium_podcast\/eso1402b.m4v';var hdfile = 'http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/videos\/hd_and_apple\/eso1402b.m4v';;\n\/\/ ]]><\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/djangoplicity\/js\/videoembed.js\"><\/script><br \/>\n<em>This zoom sequence takes the viewer from a broad view of the entire night sky<br \/>\ninto a close up view of the old star cluster Messier 67 in the constellation of Cancer<br \/>\n(The Crab). Observations using ESO\u2019s HARPS instrument on the 3.6-metre telescope<br \/>\nat La Silla in Chile, along with other telescopes, have found three planets orbiting<br \/>\nstars in this cluster.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>This cluster lies about 2500 light-years away in the constellation of Cancer (The Crab) and contains about 500 stars. Many of the cluster stars are fainter than those normally targeted for exoplanet searches and trying to detect the weak signal from possible planets pushed HARPS to the limit.<\/p>\n<p>Three planets were discovered, two orbiting stars similar to the Sun and one orbiting a more massive and evolved red giant star. The first two planets both have about one third the mass of Jupiter and orbit their host stars in seven and five days respectively. The third planet takes 122 days to orbit its host and is more massive than Jupiter\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/news\/eso1402\/#4\">[4]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The first of these planets proved to be orbiting a remarkable star \u2014 it is one of the most similar solar twins identified so far and is almost identical to the Sun (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/news\/eso1337\/\">eso1337<\/a>)\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/news\/eso1402\/#5\">[5]<\/a>. It is the first solar twin in a cluster that has been found to have a planet.<\/p>\n<p>Two of the three planets are \u201chot Jupiters\u201d \u2014 planets comparable to Jupiter in size, but much closer to their parent stars and hence much hotter. All three are closer to their host stars than the habitable zone where liquid water could exist.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cThese new results show that planets in open star clusters are about as common as they are around isolated stars \u2014 but they are not easy to detect,\u201d<\/em>\u00a0adds Luca Pasquini (ESO, Garching, Germany), co-author of the new paper\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/news\/eso1402\/#6\">[6]<\/a>.\u00a0<em>\u201cThe new results are in contrast to earlier work that failed to find cluster planets, but agrees with some other more recent observations. We are continuing to observe this cluster to find how stars with and without planets differ in mass and chemical makeup.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p>===<\/p>\n<p>Find <a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/news\/eso1402\/\" target=\"_blank\">more videos and images here<\/a>. \u00a0This is an artist impression of the<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a title=\"Artist's impression of an exoplanet orbiting a star in the cluster Messier 67\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/images\/screen\/eso1402a.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[newswheel]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/images\/newsfeature\/eso1402a.jpg\" width=\"440\" height=\"180\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><a title=\"Artist's impression of an exoplanet orbiting a star in the cluster Messier 67\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/images\/screen\/eso1402a.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox\">Click to Enlarge<br \/>\n<\/a><\/em><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>This artist&#8217;s impression shows one of the three newly discovered planets in the<br \/>\nstar cluster Messier 67. In this cluster the stars are all about the same age and<br \/>\ncomposition\u00a0as the Sun. This makes it a perfect laboratory to study how many<br \/>\nplanets form in such a crowded environment. Very few planets in clusters are<br \/>\nknown and this one has the additional distinction of orbiting a solar twin \u2014 a star<br \/>\nthat is almost identical to the Sun in all respects.<\/em><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Here&#8217;s an announcement from \u00a0ESO\u00a0(European Southern Observatory): First Planet Found Around Solar Twin in Star Cluster Six-year search with HARPS finds three new planets in Messier 67 Astronomers have used ESO&#8217;s HARPS planet hunter in Chile, along with other telescopes around the world, to discover three planets orbiting stars in the cluster Messier 67. Although &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=6054\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">ESO spots planet orbiting star similar to the sun in star cluster<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[12,46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-astronomy","category-exoplanets"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p34aWK-1zE","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":10997,"url":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=10997","url_meta":{"origin":6054,"position":0},"title":"ESO: Exoplanet found similar to Jupiter in mass and distance from its star","author":"TopSpacer","date":"July 16, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"A new report from\u00a0ESO\u00a0(European Southern Observatory): Jupiter Twin Discovered Around Solar Twin An international group of astronomers has used the ESO 3.6-metre telescope to identify a planet just like Jupiter orbiting at the same distance from a Sun-like star, HIP 11915. 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