{"id":21132,"date":"2020-02-13T10:00:57","date_gmt":"2020-02-13T15:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=21132"},"modified":"2020-02-13T00:08:43","modified_gmt":"2020-02-13T05:08:43","slug":"space-settlement-roundup-feb-13-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=21132","title":{"rendered":"Space settlement roundup \u2013 Feb.13.2020"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A sampling of recent articles, videos, and images related to human expansion into the solar system (see also <a href=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?cat=18\">previous space settlement postings<\/a>):<\/p>\n<p>**\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/thespaceshow.com\/show\/08-jan-2019\/broadcast-3249-dr.-doug-plata\"><strong>Doug Plata<\/strong><\/a><strong> of the <a href=\"http:\/\/developspace.info\/\">Space Development Network<\/a> gave two space settlement related talks<\/strong> at last fall&#8217;s convention of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.MarsSociety.org\">Mars Society<\/a>.\u00a0 (There are many presentations available in the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/TheMarsSociety\/videos\"> Convention Youtube collection<\/a>.) The first of Doug&#8217;s talks was titled <strong>SpaceX Starship for Moon or Mars?<\/strong> in which he discussed<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>how, for each Starship, there would be 72 round trip flights to the Moon for every round trip flight to Mars. SpaceX could sell 72X more tickets if using their Starship for the Moon. For this reason, the Starship might end up being a Moon rocket initially.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"1600\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/I4DqUqTpSww?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p>The second talk was a <strong>Greenhouses Comparison<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"1600\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/iug2ZSalR9o?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Regarding the <a href=\"http:\/\/developspace.info\/\">Space Development Network<\/a>, Doug says,<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>For the last year, a great deal of work has been done developing one of the most extensive space advocate websites.\u00a0 This website covers many aspects of space development, exploration, settlement, policy, and achieving Earth independence.\u00a0 Not very many topics have been left out of the website.\u00a0 So, check it out at:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/DevelopSpace.info\"><b>DevelopSpace.info<\/b><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Near-term plans for the Network are to inform more space advocates about the website and Network and the organizing of more working groups to move specific fields forward.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>**<strong> The &#8220;Value of Mars Settlement&#8221; was discussed by <\/strong><strong>Bishop James Heiser<\/strong> at the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/TheMarsSociety\/videos\">Mars Society Convention<\/a>:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"1600\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/OQvCxOw1pUI?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p>** <strong>Elon Musk recently sketched out how to enable a large <a href=\"https:\/\/www.spacex.com\/mars\">Martian settlement<\/a><\/strong> using fully-reusable <a href=\"https:\/\/www.spacex.com\/starship\">Starship<\/a> transports: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teslarati.com\/spacex-ceo-elon-musk-plan-colonize-mars-1-million-people\/\">SpaceX&#8217;s Elon Musk and his plans to send 1 million people to Mars &#8211; Teslarati<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Starship, which is currently in development for future deep-space travel, will be able to ferry as many as 100 passengers beyond low-Earth orbit. The way to achieving that goal is by reducing the cost of spaceflight. He would like for anyone who wants to go to Mars, to be able to.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>\u201cNeeds to be such that anyone can go if they want, with loans available for those who don\u2019t have money,\u201d Musk\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/elonmusk\/status\/1217991853615677440\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">wrote<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>To that end, Musk <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/elonmusk\/status\/1217989066181898240\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said<\/a> he wants to build a fleet of at least 1,000 Starships\u2014and launch at least three of them every day.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teslarati.com\/spacex-elon-musk-teases-starship-flight-test-details\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Starship<\/a> system is the latest in SpaceX\u2019s troupe of increasingly larger rockets. In 2018, the California-based aerospace company launched and landed its Falcon Heavy rocket for the first time, generating 5 million pounds of thrust from the rocket\u2019s 27 engines. But even that\u2019s not powerful enough for Mars-based missions.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>\u201cMegatons per year to orbit are needed for life to become multi-planetary,\u201d\u00a0 Musk <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/elonmusk\/status\/1217986505513172992\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tweeted<\/a>\u00a0on Thursday.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>But the ship would also be able to navigate the tenuous Martian atmosphere and land safely on the red planet\u2019s surface.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Musk estimates that a fleet of 1,000 Starships, able to tote 100 megatons of stuff to Mars, would be required to build a permanent settlement. That <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/elonmusk\/status\/1217990326867988480\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">fleet could transport<\/a> about 100 passengers each, totaling 100,000 people per year.<\/em><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_20253\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20253\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"20253\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?attachment_id=20253\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mars-bfrs1.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1500,844\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Mars via Starships\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;A SpaceX vision of a Mars settlement built with people and cargo transported via Starships.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mars-bfrs1-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-20253\" src=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mars-bfrs1-500x281.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mars-bfrs1-500x281.jpg 500w, https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mars-bfrs1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mars-bfrs1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mars-bfrs1.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-20253\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A SpaceX vision of a Mars settlement built with people and cargo transported via Starships.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>** <strong>Learning how to live in early space settlements<\/strong> is helped by both simulated habitats like those of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.marssociety.org\">Mars Society<\/a> and real habitats in remote places like Antarctica: <a href=\"https:\/\/behindtheblack.com\/behind-the-black\/essays-and-commentaries\/mock-and-real-mars-habitats-on-earth\/\">Mock and Real Mars habitats on Earth &#8211; Behind The Black<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>What struck me however was the nature of the place and the experience of living at a polar station that had to manage on the supplies on hand, during an arctic winter with no sun and temperatures routinely colder than -90 degrees Fahrenheit. In many more ways that the situation at the Mars Society\u2019s Utah facility, the U.S. South Pole station did a great job of simulating closely what living at an early Mars base will be like.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Interestingly, some of the differences would like make living on Mars easier then at that 1999 station. Because of the lack of full atmosphere on Mars, any Mars base must be sealed from the outside environment. At the south pole, they did not do this, so that the inside temperatures were generally colder than one would like. This also meant that the crews were somewhat oxygen-starved by the end of the mission, as the facility was also at about 9,000 feet elevation and thus had a thinner atmosphere then what you\u2019d likely find inside a Martian base.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>** <strong>The <a href=\"https:\/\/emmihs-esa.webnode.nl\/\">EuroMoonMars mission<\/a> team simulates a lunar mission<\/strong> using the remote <a href=\"https:\/\/hi-seas.org\/\">HI-SEAS<\/a> (Hawai\u2019i Space Exploration Analog and Simulation) facility on Hawaii: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.space.com\/euromoonmars-esa-hi-seas-mock-moon-mission-ending.html\">European crew wraps up mock moon mission on volcano in Hawaii &#8211; Space.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>A crew of six scientists returned from &#8220;the <a class=\"hawk-link-parsed\" href=\"https:\/\/www.space.com\/55-earths-moon-formation-composition-and-orbit.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moon<\/a>&#8221; Saturday to wrap up two weeks exploring a mock lunar landscape on the side of a Hawaiian volcano.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>The scientists <a class=\"hawk-link-parsed\" href=\"https:\/\/www.space.com\/mock-moon-mission-euromoonmars-hi-seas-hawaii.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">began their mission on Jan. 18 <\/a>and have been working and living at the Hawaii Space Exploration Analog and Simulation, or HI-SEAS, habitat as part of the third EuroMoonMars mission (<a href=\"https:\/\/emmihs-esa.webnode.nl\/emmihs3\/\">EMMIHS-III<\/a>) \u2014 a series of analog missions run in collaboration with the European Space Agency, the International MoonBase Alliance and HI-SEAS.<\/em><\/p>\n<aside class=\"hawk-widget\" data-render-type=\"fte\" data-widget-type=\"seasonal\"><\/aside>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>The habitat, located on a remote slope of Mauna Loa on the Big Island of Hawaii, has hosted groups of researchers and explorers on analog moon and <a class=\"hawk-link-parsed\" href=\"https:\/\/www.space.com\/47-mars-the-red-planet-fourth-planet-from-the-sun.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mars <\/a>missions since its installation in 2013. Analog missions such as this put researchers in remote environments that mimick a stay on Mars or, in this case, the moon. In this environment they can conduct research while testing what it might be like for humans to spend time at a remote, off-Earth location.<\/em><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_21147\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21147\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hi-seas.org\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"21147\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?attachment_id=21147\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/DJI_00491.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"700,525\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"HI-SEAS\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;The Hi-SEAS deep space habitat simulation facility on the Northside of Mauna Loa, Hawaii&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/DJI_00491.jpg\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-21147\" src=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/DJI_00491-500x375.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/DJI_00491-500x375.jpg 500w, https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/DJI_00491.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-21147\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/hi-seas.org\/\">Hi-SEA<\/a>S space habitat simulation facility on the northside of Mauna Loa, Hawaii<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Find latest messages from the project at <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/emmihsm?lang=en\" target=\"_d\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EMMIHS (@EmmihsM) \/ Twitter<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>** <strong>Here is a perspective on living in deep space<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/aeon.co\/ideas\/how-to-optimise-your-headspace-on-a-mission-to-mars\">How to optimise your headspace on a mission to Mars &#8211; Aeon Ideas<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>If there\u2019s one thing the limited research shows, it\u2019s that it\u2019s hard to predict who will cope best and work well together as the weeks and months, maybe even years, wear on. Many factors can boost the chances of success, however, especially if crew members give each other precisely the kind of support and encouragement that people in prison are deprived of.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>A well-performing team needs talented leaders and a closely knit group of people. They need to build trust between each other while they\u2019re training, long before the rocket blasts off. Diverse, international crews could help to overcome some challenges that might come up, but that diversity also sometimes results in cultural and interpersonal problems. A larger crew would likely perform better than a smaller one, but the team\u2019s size will always be limited by how much weight and fuel can be launched.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Once they\u2019re in space, people need to keep busy, and they need to think they have something worthwhile to do, even if it\u2019s actually of limited value. They also need a tiny bit of privacy and entertainment at times, which might include something they brought from home or a simulation of the family and friends they left behind. While at work, the crew members need clear goals and procedures to follow in a wide range of situations. Only people shown to be resilient under pressure for long periods and who have strong teamwork skills even in stressful, sleep-deprived conditions should be part of the crew.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>** <strong>Building lunar settlements will likely rely on 3D printing techniques <\/strong>like that used by ESA in a test of making blocks from simulated Moon dust:\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2020\/01\/3D-printed_block_of_moondust\">3D-printed block of moondust &#8211; ESA<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"modal__tab-description\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>The hollow cell structure of this 1.5 tonne block, 3D printed from simulated lunar dust, let it combine strength with low weight, like bird bones.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>The building block is on show in the laboratory corridor of ESA\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/About_Us\/ESTEC\">ESTEC<\/a>\u00a0technical centre in the Netherlands, visited during public tours from neighbouring\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.space-expo.nl\/en\">Space Expo<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Produced using a binding salt as \u2018ink\u2019, the structure was made during an\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.esa.int\/Our_Activities\/Space_Engineering_Technology\/Building_a_lunar_base_with_3D_printing\">initial feasibility project on lunar 3D printing<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>ESA has subsequently investigated other types of lunar 3D printing, including\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.esa.int\/Our_Activities\/Space_Engineering_Technology\/Printing_bricks_from_moondust_using_the_Sun_s_heat\">solar sintering<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.esa.int\/spaceinimages\/Images\/2018\/11\/3D-printed_ceramic_parts_made_from_lunar_regolith\">ceramics<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_21149\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21149\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2020\/01\/3D-printed_block_of_moondust\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"21149\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?attachment_id=21149\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/3D-printed_block_of_moondust-ESA_1000x667.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1000,667\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"3D-printed block of Moondust.\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Closeup of a 3D-printed block of simulated Moon dust. Credits: ESA&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/3D-printed_block_of_moondust-ESA_1000x667.jpg\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-21149\" src=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/3D-printed_block_of_moondust-ESA_1000x667-500x334.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"334\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/3D-printed_block_of_moondust-ESA_1000x667-500x334.jpg 500w, https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/3D-printed_block_of_moondust-ESA_1000x667-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/3D-printed_block_of_moondust-ESA_1000x667.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-21149\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Closeup of a 3D-printed block of simulated Moon dust. Credits: ESA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>** <strong>The<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luna_27\"> Luna-27 rover<\/a> is a Russian project in collaboration with ESA<\/strong> to investigate the resources of the southern polar region of the Moon. The rover is expected to launch in 2022. The <a href=\"https:\/\/sci.esa.int\/web\/moon\/-\/59102-about-prospect\">PROSPECT<\/a>\u00a0 instrument package, for example, will drill a meter deep into the regolith to examine various chemical properties and determine mineral and water content: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/Science_Exploration\/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration\/Exploration\/One_step_closer_to_prospecting_the_Moon\">One step closer to prospecting the Moon &#8211; ESA<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Prospect includes a miniature laboratory called ProSPA which will analyse the soil samples retrieved by the drill. Precise measurements will help unearth the secrets of the Moon\u2019s history and indicate whether future explorers could use lunar resources on their missions to help set up a lunar base.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>The lunar south polar region is of great interest to lunar researchers and explorers because the low angle of the Sun over the horizon leads to areas of partial or even complete shadow. These shadowed areas and permanently dark crater floors, where sunlight never reaches, are believed to hide water ice and other frozen substances that could be analysed to better understand the natural processes that formed them, and used to produce resources such as oxygen and propellant in the future.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"1600\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/if2OvECiBcU?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>==<em> Amazon Ad<\/em> ==<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/1733265708\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325&amp;creativeASIN=1733265708&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=hobbyspace&amp;linkId=74214a71c15ff3f511948d70514cdda2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">See You In Orbit?:<br \/>\nOur Dream Of Spaceflight<\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=hobbyspace&amp;l=am2&amp;o=1&amp;a=1733265708\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe style=\"width: 120px; height: 240px;\" src=\"\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;OneJS=1&amp;Operation=GetAdHtml&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;source=ac&amp;ref=tf_til&amp;ad_type=product_link&amp;tracking_id=hobbyspace&amp;marketplace=amazon&amp;region=US&amp;placement=1733265708&amp;asins=1733265708&amp;linkId=36599dee290dd1287997513688ae2aed&amp;show_border=true&amp;link_opens_in_new_window=true&amp;price_color=333333&amp;title_color=0066c0&amp;bg_color=ffffff\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A sampling of recent articles, videos, and images related to human expansion into the solar system (see also previous space settlement postings): **\u00a0 Doug Plata of the Space Development Network gave two space settlement related talks at last fall&#8217;s convention of the Mars Society.\u00a0 (There are many presentations available in the Convention Youtube collection.) The &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=21132\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Space settlement roundup \u2013 Feb.13.2020<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,17,18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-in-space-infrastructure","category-living-in-space","category-space-settlement"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p34aWK-5uQ","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":20250,"url":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=20250","url_meta":{"origin":21132,"position":0},"title":"Space settlement roundup \u2013 Nov.14.2019","author":"TopSpacer","date":"November 14, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"A sampling of recent articles, videos, and images related to human expansion into the solar system (see also previous space settlement postings): ** A settlement on Mars has always been the primary goal for SpaceX. The accelerating development of the Starship space transport system means that such a settlement is\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;In Space Infrastructure&quot;","block_context":{"text":"In Space Infrastructure","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?cat=15"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mars-bfrs1-500x281.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":27053,"url":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=27053","url_meta":{"origin":21132,"position":1},"title":"Space habitat reports \u2013 Nov.7.2024","author":"TopSpacer","date":"November 7, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Here is a new selection of videos, articles, and news items about space habitats (govt and commercial), living in space, and space settlement. === International Space Station & NASA https:\/\/youtu.be\/hmFYe_Rqs2g ** SpaceX Dragon moved to new parking spot on space station - VideoFromSpace The SpaceX Crew-9 astronauts, including two crew\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;In Space Infrastructure&quot;","block_context":{"text":"In Space Infrastructure","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?cat=15"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1200px-International_Space_Station_after_undocking_of_STS-132-500x319.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":21513,"url":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=21513","url_meta":{"origin":21132,"position":2},"title":"Space settlement roundup \u2013 Mar.26.2020","author":"TopSpacer","date":"March 26, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"A sampling of recent articles, videos, and images related to human expansion into the solar system (see also previous space settlement postings): ** Joel Sercel - Mini Bee Prototype for Asteroid Mining - Cold Star Project S02E09 - The Mini Bee asteroid mining craft prototype is the topic of this\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Living in Space&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Living in Space","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?cat=17"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/niac_2019_sercel_01-500x354.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":21441,"url":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=21441","url_meta":{"origin":21132,"position":3},"title":"Chesley Bonestell documentary now on the International Space Station","author":"TopSpacer","date":"March 16, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"The award-winning documentary Chesley Bonestell: A Brush with the Future was recently transmitted to the ISS for viewing by the space station's crew: \"Chesley Bonestell: A Brush with the Future\", is now onboard the International Space Station, available for viewing by the crew. - Space Hipsters\/Facebook. See the earlier posting\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Space Arts&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Space Arts","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?cat=20"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/MarsExpedition-ColliersMag-April-1954-1-391x500.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":21836,"url":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=21836","url_meta":{"origin":21132,"position":4},"title":"Space settlement roundup \u2013 May.13.2020","author":"TopSpacer","date":"May 13, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"A\u00a0 sampling of recent articles, videos, and images related to human expansion into the solar system (see also previous space settlement postings): ** NIAC grant for Aqua Factorem, an Ultra Low-Energy Lunar Water Extraction system. This approach, briefly mentioned in an earlier roundup, takes advantage of the processing that the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Living in Space&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Living in Space","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?cat=17"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/niac2020_metzger_1000x550-500x275.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":23804,"url":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=23804","url_meta":{"origin":21132,"position":5},"title":"Space transport roundup &#8211; Part 1: SpaceX &#8211; May.18.2021","author":"TopSpacer","date":"May 18, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Here is a sampling of recent articles, videos, and images dealing with space transport (find previous roundups here). Here Part 1 focuses on\u00a0 SpaceX. Part 2 reports on news from other space transportation companies and organizations around the world. ** Multiple developments across the board at SpaceX since the last\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Rockets&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Rockets","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?cat=5"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/OrbitalStageLaunch-FCC-filing-500x325.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21132","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21132"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21132\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21154,"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21132\/revisions\/21154"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}