{"id":13881,"date":"2017-02-07T16:56:13","date_gmt":"2017-02-07T21:56:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=13881"},"modified":"2017-02-07T16:56:13","modified_gmt":"2017-02-07T21:56:13","slug":"images-of-dunes-and-gullies-on-a-mars-crater-wall","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=13881","title":{"rendered":"Images of dunes and gullies on a Mars crater wall"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The <a href=\"http:\/\/mars.nasa.gov\/mro\/\" target=\"_blank\">Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter<\/a>\u00a0sends a terrific view of dunes and gullies formed on a crater wall on the Red Planet:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jpl.nasa.gov\/spaceimages\/details.php?id=PIA11178\" target=\"_d\">The Contrasting Colors of Crater Dunes and Gullies<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PIA11178_hires1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"13882\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?attachment_id=13882\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PIA11178_hires1.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1350,900\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Martian Gullies\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;PIA11178_hires&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PIA11178_hires1-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-13882 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PIA11178_hires1-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"520\" height=\"347\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PIA11178_hires1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PIA11178_hires1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PIA11178_hires1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PIA11178_hires1.jpg 1350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Gullies are relatively common features in the steep slopes of crater walls, possibly formed by dry debris flows, movement of carbon dioxide frost, or perhaps the melting of ground ice.<\/p>\n<p>This example shows a section of crater wall from the rocky crater rim at the far left of the image, down to the dark dusty dunes on the crater floor in the bottom right. (North is to the left.) The rock of the crater walls shows up deep orange, and the sandy deposits on the crater floor and the base of the crater walls appear blue. The sand isn&#8217;t really blue; the different colors in this image represent different material compositions.<\/p>\n<p>The gullies in this image have two main sections: a scalloped alcove at the top of the gully (left\/center), and defined channel sections further down the crater wall (right\/center). Material from the alcove will have traveled down the channel to the crater floor. This normally forms a third section to a typical gully, a debris fan. Fans commonly visible at the base of gullies are not obvious in this example however, as the wind blown sediments (blue) have covered the crater floor after gully formation.<\/p>\n<p>The University of Arizona, Tucson, operates <a href=\"http:\/\/mars.nasa.gov\/mro\/mission\/instruments\/hirise\/\" target=\"_blank\">HiRISE<\/a>, which was built by Ball Aerospace &amp; Technologies Corp., Boulder, Colo. NASA&#8217;s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of Caltech in Pasadena, California, manages the <a href=\"http:\/\/mars.nasa.gov\/mro\/\" target=\"_blank\">Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter<\/a> Project for NASA&#8217;s Science Mission Directorate, Washington.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13883\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13883\" style=\"width: 367px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov\/figures\/PIA11178_fig1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"13883\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?attachment_id=13883\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PIA11178_fig1_367x500.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"367,500\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"PIA11178_fig1_367x500\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PIA11178_fig1_367x500.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-13883 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PIA11178_fig1_367x500.jpg\" width=\"367\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PIA11178_fig1_367x500.jpg 367w, https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PIA11178_fig1_367x500-220x300.jpg 220w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 367px) 100vw, 367px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13883\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hi-Rise raw image. <a href=\"http:\/\/photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov\/figures\/PIA11178_fig1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Click for larger version<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">====<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: none;\" src=\"\/\/rcm-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/cm?o=1&amp;p=12&amp;l=ur1&amp;category=echo&amp;banner=146870N94VDD8MAPHT02&amp;f=ifr&amp;linkID=1a66b7640a95795359e192e9c202c69f&amp;t=hobbyspace&amp;tracking_id=hobbyspace\" width=\"300\" height=\"250\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter\u00a0sends a terrific view of dunes and gullies formed on a crater wall on the Red Planet: The Contrasting Colors of Crater Dunes and Gullies\u00a0 Gullies are relatively common features in the steep slopes of crater walls, possibly formed by dry debris flows, movement of carbon dioxide frost, or perhaps the melting &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=13881\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Images of dunes and gullies on a Mars crater wall<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[78,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13881","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mars","category-space-science"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p34aWK-3BT","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":14118,"url":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=14118","url_meta":{"origin":13881,"position":0},"title":"MRO images:  A sampling of Martian sand dunes","author":"TopSpacer","date":"March 29, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Beautiful views of sand dune formations on Mars via the HiRISE camera on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter\u00a0(MRO): ** The Splitting of the Dunes The mound in the center of this image appears to have blocked the path of the dunes as they marched south (north is to the left in\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Mars&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Mars","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?cat=78"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/pia215721-1024x640.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":19112,"url":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=19112","url_meta":{"origin":13881,"position":1},"title":"Space sciences roundup &#8211; June.26.2019","author":"TopSpacer","date":"June 26, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"A sampling of recent articles, videos, and images from space-related science news items: Asteroids: ** NASA's OSIRIS-REx probe gets up close to asteroid Bennu : OSIRIS-REx Breaks Another Orbit Record | NASA On June 12, NASA\u2019s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft performed another significant navigation maneuver\u2014breaking its own world record for the closest\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Asteroids &amp; Comets&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Asteroids &amp; Comets","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?cat=75"},"img":{"alt_text":"An artist's view of OSIRIS-REx investigating asteroid Bennu","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/orbital_a_beauty_shot21.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":6564,"url":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=6564","url_meta":{"origin":13881,"position":2},"title":"Mars orbiter image shows Opportunity Rover","author":"TopSpacer","date":"February 19, 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"[Reposting after the original somehow got deleted.] Here\u2019s another great photo from the\u00a0HiRISE camera\u00a0aboard the\u00a0Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter\u00a0: Opportunity Rover on Valentine's Day 2014 This is the latest HiRISE image of Opportunity rover\u00a0at Solander Point, where it spent a few weeks\u00a0investigating Pinnacle rock\u00a0(the \u201cjelly donut\u201d) that was flipped over by the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Mars&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Mars","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?cat=78"},"img":{"alt_text":"ESP_035408_1775[1]","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/ESP_035408_17751.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":8301,"url":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=8301","url_meta":{"origin":13881,"position":3},"title":"Dry ice forming gullies on Mars","author":"TopSpacer","date":"July 12, 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"It now appears that dry ice rather than salty water is making at lease some of the new gullies on Mars: NASA Spacecraft Observes Further Evidence of Dry Ice Gullies on Mars Repeated high-resolution observations made by NASA\u2019s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) indicate the gullies on Mars\u2019 surface are primarily\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Mars&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Mars","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?cat=78"},"img":{"alt_text":"pia18400-cr2_1_500x438","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/pia18400-cr2_1_500x438.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":16286,"url":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=16286","url_meta":{"origin":13881,"position":4},"title":"A blue sand dune on Mars","author":"TopSpacer","date":"June 26, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Mars has lots of weird and wonderful features on its surface. For example, here is one highlighted by NASA last week: Once in a Blue Dune Sand dunes often accumulate in the floors of craters. In this region of Lyot Crater, NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) shows a field of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Mars&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Mars","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?cat=78"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/pia225121-1024x640.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2743,"url":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?p=2743","url_meta":{"origin":13881,"position":5},"title":"Dry-ice sleds on Mars","author":"TopSpacer","date":"June 11, 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"This article and video report on investigations into how chunks of dry-ice could explain long gullies seen on Martian sand dunes:\u00a0 Marks on Martian Dunes May Be Tracks of Dry-Ice Sleds - NASA http:\/\/youtu.be\/mNXBfz1iVzc","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Space Science&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Space Science","link":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/?cat=13"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/mNXBfz1iVzc\/0.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13881","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13881"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13881\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13884,"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13881\/revisions\/13884"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13881"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13881"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hobbyspace.com\/Blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13881"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}